In the immediate wake of Hurricane Katrina, gasoline prices rose sharply nationwide.33 The combined effects of Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita, which made landfall on the border between Texas and Louisiana early on September 24, 2005, were such that, between August 26, 2005, and January 11, 2006, 114 million barrels of oil production capacity were left unused, equivalent to over one-fifth of yearly output in the Gulf of Mexico.34, The storm devastated the regional power infrastructure. "Tropical Cyclone Report - Hurricane Katrina - 23-30 August 2005", "CU-Bolder Researchers Chart Katrina's Growth in Gulf of Mexico", "Hurricane Katrina - August 29, 2005 Tornadoes", "Alabama coastal residents remember the impact of Katrina", "Hurricanes that Alabama may never forget", "Storm surge wipes out much of the causeway", "OFFICE OF ELECTRICITY DELIVERY AND ENERGY RELIABILITY (OE) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Hurricane Katrina Situation Report #11", "The Disaster Center's Tropical Storm-Hurricane Katrina Page", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Effects_of_Hurricane_Katrina_in_Alabama&oldid=1131588842, This page was last edited on 4 January 2023, at 21:10. [9] Blanco instructed the Adjutant General of the Louisiana National Guard, Major General Bennett C. Landreneau to contact Honor of Northern Command (Honor arrived on Wednesday, August 31, as the commander of the newly established Joint Task Force Katrina to supervise federal military operations) to arrange for active duty military support of response operations in Louisiana. Hospitals were running at capacity on generator power. If youve got those, you are doing pretty good. In 2002, Chronas sold Pier 4 to the locally owned Cooper Restaurants group, which transformed it into Felixs Fish Camp, a mainstay of Causeway dining ever since. Acknowledgements: Page created by Morgan Barry (forecaster). Hurricane Ida predicted to be stronger than Hurricane Katrina at landfall Weather Alert Wind Advisory: Blount County, Calhoun County, Cherokee County, Chilton County, Clay County, Coosa County, Etowah County, Jefferson County, Shelby County, St. Clair County, Talladega County Tracking the Tropics Its location and style -- "a rambling complex of interconnected buildings" on the edge of Mobile Bay -- was both a strength and a weakness: It was wrecked by Hurricane Katrina and never. The article covers the Hurricane Katrina effects by region, within the United States and Canada. The web site is no longer updated and links to external web sites and some internal pages will not work. Keesler Air Force Base in Biloxi was also damaged extensively. The eye of the storm passed 27 miles east of downtown New Orleans at 8:30 AM. Schools did not reopen until October. At the time, Galveston was an economic and cultural center of Texas and was the States fourth largest city.17, Even beyond New Orleans, Katrinas span of destruction was widespread. This, added to the estimated 90,000 that were already in hotels and homes, overwhelmed local resources. [1] Part of Battleship Parkway, or "The Causeway", which connects parts of Mobile Bay together, collapsed, causing a temporary closure. Authorities ordered a mandatory evacuation for 56,000 people living in low-lying and coastal areas of Mobile and Baldwin counties. Around 12:30 p.m. (1:30 p.m. To do this, we must understand Hurricane Katrina in its proper context. Greek immigrant Steve Chronas bought a fairly new restaurant on about four acres of Causeway property in 1981 and ran it for more than 20 years along with his son and daughter and their spouses, offering a mix of Greek and local favorites, with a big menu that was heavy on seafood but included steaks, soups, salads, sandwiches and more. 14 days ago. But its likely to go far deeper than that. [1] Once it was over, Katrina got over the waters in the unusually warm Loop Current, causing it to rapidly intensify and reach Category 5 strength in just nine hours, during the morning of August 28. On December 30, 2005, the team and the league announced that the club would play a split schedule again in 2006. endstream endobj 390 0 obj <>stream Numerous roadways were flooded or damaged and many evacuations conducted by boat and helicopter. Just as matters were beginning to improve in 2010, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf in April 2010 caused massive amounts of oil to come ashore in the wetlands and marshes in Plaquemines Parish and other areas of coastal Louisiana near New Orleans that had been most heavily damaged by Katrina, and the spill will likely reach other states that were also affected by the storm (the hurricane had caused or exacerbated oil spills on a smaller scale when it hit). . Weather Ready Nation, Additional Info The Battleship Parkway crossing Mobile Bay was also closed before the storm and was completely submerged during the hurricane. Emergency command centers in the 3 coastal counties were partially disabled, prompting a re-evaluation of general hurricane emergency-center design nationwide: in Hancock county, the emergency-command headquarters were swamped by a 32-foot (11-m) storm tide flooding into the building, which had been considered flood-proof at 30 feet (9.1m) above sea level. High winds from the storm left about 4,500 people in Buffalo without power. State Department of Transportation officials inspected the ferry today. Its not just that the restaurant operated until 1982, carrying on through at least one relocation and its founders death in 1970. Multiple locations were found. Hurricane Katrina was a devastating Category 5 Atlantic hurricane that resulted in 1,392 fatalities and caused damage estimated between $97.4 billion to $145.5 billion in late August 2005, particularly in the city of New Orleans and its surrounding areas. Port Colborne and Brockville appeared to receive the most rain, both with over 4 inches (10.16cm). The Army Corps of Engineers added flood gates to the three canals. The powerful wind downed a massive billboard sign about a mile west of Interstate 65 along Mobile's Airport Boulevard, damaging a nearby business. A tropical storm warning was extended to the Alabama-Florida line, and Mobile Bay in Alabama was under a storm surge watch. President Arrives in Alabama, Briefed on Hurricane Katrina Mobile Regional Airport Mobile, Alabama . [1] At the time, it was the costliest tropical cyclone on record, tied now with Hurricane . Levees adjacent to London Avenue breached in two locations: one near Robert E. Lee Boulevard and one between Filmore Avenue and Mirabeau Avenue. We wish you all the best. [22] endstream endobj 388 0 obj <>stream The Gulf Coast of Mississippi suffered massive damage from the impact of Hurricane Katrina on August 29, 2005, leaving 238people dead, 67 missing, and an estimated $125billion in damages. By any measure, Hurricane Katrina was a national catastrophe. The Alabama National Guard has activated a security force of about 450 personnel to Mobile and Baldwin Counties to help with traffic control as well as help secure the area, according to Gen. Mark Bowen. Many communities in Texas opened up many of their services to evacuees from Louisiana, offering speedier enrollment for children in local school districts, speedy access to the Texas food stamp program, as well as access to health services for those being treated for diseases like tuberculosis and HIV. 600 4th Street South ZYu@`si)&f EBIWqCUyuc]fIsFvyI&f~tT9#1ooq/q-c#jRT1S&_ endstream endobj 389 0 obj <>stream Select search scope, currently: catalog all catalog, articles, website, & more in one search; catalog books, media & more in the Stanford Libraries' collections; articles+ journal articles & other e-resources There was cause for concern because the bridge, in conjunction with underwater tunnels, is a part of the I-10 Hazardous Materials route across the Mobile River. Their unemployment rate was just below 28 percent in November and over 20 percent in December. Quick Buildings Modular is based in Mobile, Alabama, and its owner, Jane Conkin, is familiar with the havoc hurricanes can wreak. "During (Hurricane) Ivan we relied on them to come help us so it's our time for payback," Bowen said. Storm effects, primarily rain, flooding, and high winds, were substantial; certain areas reported nearly 12 inches of rainfall ( 1 ). Almost 550 truckloads with of supplies also arrived in Alabama from logistical centers across the southeast. The store at the Shoppes of Bel Air mall closed due to statewide recommendations and has been dropped from the companys website. St. Petersburg, FL 33701 Current Hazards There are plenty of upscale dining options in the area and unrestored buildings have fallen into the minority, but well always miss that crab dip. Affected areas were supplied by boats normally supplying the Magdalen Islands. (/`au}=aF5'eS 26m4 aN`o!d$0ta*o!P30Y@1/UOl^/%H5SGWz|3)2^E9(Qs.yZWW88 Hurricane Katrina Coverage on ABC 33/40 - 8/2005 Bamawxcom 7.38K subscribers Subscribe 1K 202K views 9 years ago James Spann, Jason Simpson, Brian Peters, John Oldshue and the ABC 33/40. Issues of Time! But in the Van Antwerp Buildings still-elegant ground floor, you could get a sublime crab dib followed by one of the best filet mignons you ever had, accompanied by live jazz. The eye of the storm passed 27 miles east of downtown New Orleans at 8:30 AM. Nationwide, Forecasts The incident happened "sometime shortly after 11 a.m." the agency said. Two breaches also occurred in the Industrial Canal adjacent to Surekote Road. From Morgan City, Louisiana, to Biloxi, Mississippi, to Mobile, Alabama, Hurricane Katrina's wind, rain, and storm surge demolished homes and businesses. About Our Office www.industryweek.com is using a security service for protection against online attacks. Its location and style -- a rambling complex of interconnected buildings on the edge of Mobile Bay -- was both a strength and a weakness: It was wrecked by Hurricane Katrina and never recovered. There were no public services available and all roads were closed and impassable. Mississippi Emergency Management Agency (MEMA) officials also recorded deaths in Hinds, Warren, and Leake counties. Hurricane Katrina was one of the strongest storms to impact the coast of the United States during the last 100 years. [4] On Dauphin Island, a storm surge of 15ft (4.6m) moved ashore, destroying over 350 houses. HSo0G{6)N]@jl5tja:[[)nWlCUK>;{dA}p-$;2Ydr1R`WHVWiJ`,D^Lp\bD'%\B} !uCwG""[C_`G)[(cK9hLXK8>wH"iVW 8dA22YK|3"X H=zx4pF@XC;~vT7PT4oG.-qh7 One person was killed in flood waters during Katrina that had already been high from the previous storm. The first image in each triplet was taken in July 2001, before Hurricane Lili (2002). . A tornado in a feeder band moved through Decatur County to the west of Bainbridge in southwestern Georgia during the evening of August 29. [18] Since Katrina made its third and final landfall on the Louisiana/Mississippi state line, the storm's powerful northeastern quadrant hammered areas of Mississippi, as well as Alabama, causing extensive wind and flood damage. In fact, Hurricane Katrina caused at least ten oil spills, releasing the same quantity of oil as some of the worst oil spills in U.S. history. (Favorites included stuffed flounder, deviled oysters and some of the areas best gumbo.) Significant flooding was reported in several communities in West Virginia, including Sissonville, forcing some evacuations. The threat of Hurricane Katrina sent about 150 people from the surrounding Gulf Shores area to the shelter. Unfortunately, our small shop could not make it through the economic slow down due to Covid. This small eatery opened next to the Dauphin Island Marina in 1969 and was kept going by his wife, Margie, after his death. The second photograph was taken on September 17, 2004, immediately after the passage of Hurricane Ivan. Tiny Diny owner Trudy Shackelford, better known as Miss Trudy, poses in the restaurant with one of her famous lemon icebox pies Friday, April 17, 2009.Bill Starling/Press-Register. Cookie Settings/Do Not Sell My Personal Information. Many evacuees were trapped in flooded houses and rooftops waiting to be rescued. [21] National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration The service requires full JavaScript support in order to view this website. The bridge is used to bypass a tunnel under the river on Interstate 10 -- a road that was largely out of sight under the murky water that flowed into downtown Monday afternoon. It offered downtown workers a quick and thrifty option for breakfast and lunch, with a menu of down-home fare accented by the Zitsos familys Greek heritage -- and a mean bowl of chili. The Parish is home to many pine forests in which many of the pine trees snapped or were completely uprooted. Additional post-Katrina images are available from the oblique photography viewer. H|SKo0W(,)CCn2A]$+GgK`@_ =!Qi)P,l$B(!O0/fg^yWM:!*/@g}FQzA5Edl4{PA=;DapwEWz87NgJjTHF(H*~Kvew2[6.q*J@_: j9>G<5op4B\Qv7}dn8SE One hospital in Dennison had to be evacuated as it lost power and its generator failed, but it was restored later in the day. Highly regarded for its meat-and-three menu, the Tiny Diny was even more famous for its breakfast. Constantine Nicholas Panayiotou, aka Mr. endstream endobj 387 0 obj <>stream Satellite Those painful images must be the catalyst for change. In less than two weeks 12,535 flood victims were saved by helicopter. Other regions in the province reported 12 inches (2.55.1cm) of rain, except near the New York border where up to 3 inches (7.62cm) was reported. The service requires full cookie support in order to view this website. [12], As a result of the flooding in Mobile, a curfew from dusk to dawn was implemented. However, the owners were subsequently found not guilty.[17]. The shelters were at half capacity and officials said they were not sure if people heeded evacuation warnings or if they decided to ride out the storm. The storm was large and had an effect on several different areas of North America. The US Coast Guard rescued 1,259 survivors off rooftops by Wednesday morning August 31, less than two days after landfall, and more than 1,000 the next day. Its two coastal cities, Biloxi and Gulfport suffered severe damage and many casualties were reported. In the golden era of the Clikas-Hartzes partnership, Clikas wife Ms. Many coastal homes south of the Point Clear area were severely damaged, flooded, or swept away. 15 Birmingham restaurants that are gone but not forgotten. [14] Utility services were not available anywhere in the parish. There was extensive flooding the majority of the Parish, and the southern part was temporarily "reclaimed" by the Mississippi River. All these years later, some still swear by Nan Seas soft-shell crabs. Jackson County, Mississippi had a coastal storm tide of at least 22 feet (6.7m), with Hurricane Katrina coming ashore during the morning high tide. Click Here to try 4 Free Trial The Lake Pontchartrain Causeway and the Highway 11 bridge, connecting the north and south shores of Lake Pontchartrain, were open only to emergency traffic. Hurricane Katrina made landfall in Louisiana at 6:45 AM local time on August 29, 2005, as a Category 3 hurricane with sustained winds of 127 miles per hour (204km/h), near Buras-Triumph, Louisiana and a 22-foot storm surge. With sustained winds during landfall of 125 mph (110 kts) (a strong category . Even after making landfall, it kept its strength as a hurricane almost 150mi (240km) inland, before becoming a tropical storm near Meridian, Mississippi. Debris is piled on and against the bridge in the upper left corner of the image. An (inland) tropical storm wind warning was issued in every county in Alabama along and west of I-65. In the Gulf of Mexico, Hurricane Katrina battered the offshore energy infrastructure and forced the evacuation of more than 75 percent of the Gulfs 819 manned oil platforms.4 Two days before landfall, U.S. energy companies estimated that the approaching storm had already reduced Gulf of Mexico oil production by more than a third.5, Seventy-five hurricanes of Katrinas strength at landfalla Category 3have hit the mainland United States since 1851, roughly once every two years.6 Yet Katrina was anything but a normal hurricane. A lock () or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. This restaurant didnt have a long run in Mobile, but from summer 2018 until the onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic, it offered Mobilians a chance to see if the meat sweats was really a thing you could get. Mostly Muffins, a downtown storefront on Dauphin Street, was about as unpretentious as you could get. Fairhope Mobile, which sits slightly inland on the Mobile River, was on the eastern side of the storm's eye wall, where the strongest wind and highest storm surge was forecast. Governor Ernie Fletcher, declared Christian, Todd, and Trigg counties disaster areas due to flooding, and declared a statewide state of emergency. Sophia was the face of the business. Hurricane Katrina was the most destructive natural disaster in U.S. history.2 The overall destruction wrought by Hurricane Katrina, which was both a large and powerful hurricane as well as a catastrophic flood, vastly exceeded that of any other major disaster, such as the Chicago Fire of 1871, the San Francisco Earthquake and Fire of 1906, and Hurricane Andrew in 1992.3, Hurricane Katrinas devastating effects were felt before the storm even reached the Gulf Coast on August 29, 2005. Damage was quite heavy in coastal Alabama (comparable to Hurricane Ivan in 2004), including significant structural damage to many buildings. [10] Over 656,000 customers in Alabama lost power,[11] causing it to have, at the time, the second most power outages for a storm in Alabama history behind only Hurricane Ivan. For additional information relating to Hurricane Katrina see the following USA Gov Docs LibGuide: Gov Docs: Hurricane Katrina (2005) FEDERAL DEPOSITORY LIBRARY . The levees were sized to hold back up to 17.5 feet (5.3m), of water; they held back the initial surge, but then they were breached in several areas by the 22 feet (6.7m), surge. Of the 1.1 million people over the age of sixteen who evacuated in August 2005, approximately 500,000 of those evacuees had not returned home by late December. The Rebel Queen had been just a little drive-up joint on Old Shell Road, but things changed when a real-life Mardi Gras queen, Gaynell Mathers, took over the site in 1989 and transformed it into a very cozy sit-down caf. The mall also lost its P.F. According to officials nearly one million people were temporarily without electricity in Louisiana for several weeks. Though the news was sad, at least Mostly Muffins gave its clientele a clean sense of closure. Below are other science projects associated with this project. Mayor Ray Nagin did not order a mandatory evacuation of the city until August 28, 2005. Dauphin Island A town like Waveland, Mississippi, has no inhabitable structuresnone.18, Hurricane Katrina contradicts one side of an important two-part trend. They were only allowed in to retrieve essential items, and were then required to leave the parish for another month. The storm crippled thirty-eight 911 call centers, disrupting local emergency services,37 and knocked out more than 3 million customer phone lines in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama.38 Broadcast communications were likewise severely affected, as 50 percent of area radio stations and 44 percent of area television stations went off the air.39, Much more than any other hurricane, Katrinas wrath went far beyond wind and water damage. The United States Navy also announced that four amphibious ships would be sent from Norfolk, Virginia within a few days to assist the relief efforts. Tennessee was used as a staging area for Gulf Coast evacuees, particularly in and around Memphis. Hurricane Katrina in 2005 created a new pass, called Katrina Cut, halving Dauphin Island in Mobile Bay, Alabama. An official website of the United States government. Pete Zitsos founded this restaurant in the basement of a downtown bank building in 1979 and it became a mainstay through the 80s, when downtown didnt have a lot going for it, and on through the slow-moving recovery of the 1990s and early 2000s. In each pair the top image was acquired by the University of New Orleans in September 1998 and the bottom image was acquired by the USGS on August 31, 2005, two days after Hurricane Katrina. Before and after photos from the Chandeleur Islands, Dauphin Island, and Mississippi show coastal change caused by Hurricane Katrina. Community Rules apply to all content you upload or otherwise submit to this site. NWS Afterward, all Mississippi counties were declared disaster areas (see map). Massive damage occurred along coastal areas, pushing small ships and oil rigs ashore, flooding fishing areas with dozens of shrimp boats, destroying marinas plus hundreds of boardwalks, and swamping beachfront homes or hotels, with widespread tree damage and roofs or shingles torn off. More than 300 students from Tulane University, including the school's football team, were displaced to Southern Methodist University in Dallas. Hurricane Katrina, its 115-130 mph winds, and the accompanying storm surge it created as high as 27 feet along a stretch of the Northern Gulf Coast from Mobile, Alabama, to New Orleans, impacted nearly 93,000 square miles of our Nationroughly an area the size of Great Britain. The Superdome sustained significant damage and much of the dome's waterproof membrane had essentially been peeled off. Downtown Mobile and Mobile Metro Area (central and coastal Mobile County). [19] The death toll was estimated at 50. This GOES-16 GeoColor satellite image taken, Sept. 15, 2020, at 3 p.m. The story of Tommies Caf, which for a time was officially named the Terminal Caf and remains widely known as Tommies Terminal, goes all the way back to 1916, when it was founded by Tommie Lakos. Hurricane Katrina Photos Downtown Mobile and Mobile Metro Area (central and coastal Mobile County) Mobile Metro area (via AL.com and Associated Press): Mobile Metro Area (via Shayne Parden and WKRG): Battleship Park (via Associated Press): More pictures from online blogs & media (recmod.com): [12] Fire District No. Subjects: Government Documents. Forecast Discussion Several villages in the northeastern part of Quebec were isolated due to multiple washouts. The Atlantic season had one particularly devastating storm that hit Florida's Gulf Coast. Hurricane Katrina devastated far more residential property than had any other recent hurricane, completely destroying or making uninhabitable an estimated 300,000 homes.24 Flight Center. Just below the center of the image, a red-roofed building has disappeared. While the menu was dominated by excellent seafood options, the Sea House also offered one of the areas finest burgers and a legendary Saturday night prime rib special. Its that Panayiotous descendants, relatives and trainees have kept the flame alive ever since, in countless other venues. The company now sells only custom modular buildings, such as classrooms, medical clinics, even a museum but at the time Hurricane Katrina hit in the summer of 2005, the . This was mainly due to consumer panic about lack of gasoline caused by Hurricane Katrina, which disrupted oil production in the Gulf of Mexico. Aviation Weather US Dept of Commerce To really be a Mobile legend, you need a good hurricane story. The storm destroyed so many homes, buildings, forests, and green spaces that an extraordinary amount of debris was left behind118 million cubic yards all told.28 In comparison, Hurricane Andrew created 20 million cubic yards of debris.29 The debris from Katrina, if stacked onto the space of a football field, would reach over ten and a half miles high.30, Hurricane Katrinas effects on the economy have yet to be fully reckoned. Fort Worth and Arlington accepted some evacuees, and towns from as far away as Bonham and even Tulsa, Oklahoma offered to help. Weather Radio After crossing over southeastern Louisiana and the Breton Sound, it made a third and final landfall around the Louisiana-Mississippi border, with winds of 120mph (190km/h). Richard D. Knabb, Jamie R. Rhome, and Daniel P. Brown, National Hurricane Center, "Tropical Cyclone Report Hurricane Katrina", 2330 August 2005; retrieved September 11, 2009, "FEMA: Hurricane Katrina Surge Inundation and Advisory Base Flood Elevation Maps", St. Tammany Parish Emergency Operations Center Parish Status Update, Tuesday, August 30, 2005 9:00 AM; retrieved September 11, 2009, "State of the Parish" Speech, October 27, 2005, St. Tammany Parish President Kevin Davis; retrieved September 11, 2009, pedro rox my sox all the way off !_Thur_5PM_status_update.html, "Nursing Home Owners Found 'Not Guilty' in Deaths: NPR", Waveland practically wiped off map by force of Katrina, http://www.srh.noaa.gov/data/warn_archive/BMX/HLS/0828_185402.txt, http://www.srh.noaa.gov/data/warn_archive/BMX/HLS/0829_092400.txt, NOAA Aerial Survey Photos of the Affected Areas, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Katrina_effects_by_region&oldid=1141344150, This page was last edited on 24 February 2023, at 16:01. In Pennsylvania, at least two tornadoes spawned from Katrina's outer bands and touched down in the south-central part of the state south of Harrisburg. StormReady Some damage was reported, primarily due to fallen trees. In late 1994 the Kordomenos son-in-law, Nick Catranis, wrote a three-page goodbye letter to customers, explaining that changing times had made it harder and harder for a humble family-owned business to hold on and that Korbets would close in January 1995. Most terrible of all and most difficult to measure, however, were Hurricane Katrinas human effects. Eventually, 30,000 arrived at the Superdome before they were evacuated. New Orleans outlook bleak; 100 dead in Miss. OyC*Cb"_U:K vo jgrA ukzIUoq*N 3EXQz In Virginia, a tornado related to Katrina's outer bands touched down in Marshall, damaging at least 13 homes. In Hall County, several homes were reported damaged by a possible tornado in Lula. [10] The communities of Slidell, Avery Estates, Lakeshore Estates, Oak Harbor, Eden Isles and North Shore Beach were inundated by the storm surge that extended over six miles inland. Katrina left a trail of damage from Mobile, Alabama, through the cities of Gulfport and Biloxi with their casinos all the way along the coast to the Louisiana-Texas state line. There is, as one would expect, a heck of a lot of seafood on the menu. More than 584,000people were left without power in Alabama immediately after the storm. Most hurricane deaths occur in the aftermath of the storm, as a result of fallen trees and downed power lines. NW Florida Radar The time period covers Hurricanes Lili (2002), Ivan (2004), Dennis (2005), and Katrina (2005). Moreover, many victims found it difficult to reconstruct their shattered lives. Hurricane Katrina's devastating impact on the state of Mississippi caused a complete re-evaluation of hurricane command centers, safety, and offshore gambling. The second image was taken on August 31, 2005, two days after Hurricane Katrina made landfall on the Louisiana and Mississippi coastline. Please enable JavaScript on your browser and try again. The primary areas that were affected were southeastern Louisiana, including the city of New Orleans, Louisiana, the parishes of St. Tammany (Slidell), Jefferson (Gretna), Terrebonne (Houma), Plaquemines (Buras), Lafourche (Thibodaux), and St. Bernard (Chalmette). nk9B]A)\m,0fX~(7PYnKZJQnpwBQw-&Y,lCkiz=Z{q*[zmL2;z`jZheH Kg&qf"44d&9:KF>M) gOWt~~y)oIFS[k`B}V *W,1Ts}S4.=(T`&M+vI"_7aO/dSh"|K:# k#9{ Land. To recall this establishment at the corner of Dauphin and Royal streets is to revisit a time when downtown Mobile was still struggling to find the energy it has today. Hurricane warnings are in effect in Biloxi, Mississippi, Mobile, Alabama, and Pensacola, Florida. The surge, topped by large waves . H\j0~ In fact, the National Hurricane Center concluded that the height of Hurricane Katrina and Camilles respective storm surges were comparable to each other.12, Hurricane Katrinas winds and a storm surge that crested up to twenty-seven feet high dealt a ferocious blow to homes, businesses, and property on the coast and for many miles inland.13 This storm surge overwhelmed levees all along the lowest reaches of the Mississippi River and the edges of Lake Pontchartrain.14 The consequences for New Orleans, which sits mostly below sea level, were dire.

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